Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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If a pea plant contains a recessive allele for wrinkled seeds and a dominant
allele for smooth seeds, the organism’s phenotype must be:
a. | half of the seeds are smooth and half are wrinkled. | b. | not really smooth or
wrinkled seeds, a mixture of both traits. | c. | wrinkled seeds. | d. | smooth
seeds. |
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2.
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Sex cells carry ____ alleles for a given gene.
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3.
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The production of insulin is an example of:
a. | protein synthesis. | b. | selective breeding. | c. | DNA
replication. | d. | genetic engineering. |
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4.
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The result of fertilization is a:
a. | daughter cell. | b. | haploid cell. | c. | zygote. | d. | sex cell. |
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5.
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A human has 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in a human sex cell?
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6.
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If a recessive trait is expressed in an organism’s phenotype, what can you
determine about its genotype?
a. | Both alleles in the genotype are recessive. | b. | Both alleles in the
genotype are dominant. | c. | You cannot determine anything about the
organism’s genotype. | d. | At least one allele in the genotype is
recessive. |
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7.
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A normal red blood cell has a base sequence of ACT CCT GAA GAA AAA. The
offspring has a base sequence of ACT CCT GTA GAA AAA. The resulting offspring has:
a. | produced the wrong protein. | b. | a change in the base
sequence. | c. | a mutation in the base sequence. | d. | All of the
above |
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8.
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If a true-breeding purple plant is crossed with a true-breeding
white flowered plant, the possible phenotypes of the first generation of peas are:
a. | all purple. | b. | all white. | c. | 75% purple and 25%
white. | d. | 50% purple and 50% white. |
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9.
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A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring is called
a:
a. | phenotype | b. | gene | c. | trait | d. | genotype |
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10.
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Plants that reproduce sexually have ____ parents.
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11.
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If a green seed (yy) is crossed with another green seed (yy) what can you
predict about the offspring?
a. | the recessive trait will show | b. | the phenotype will be green | c. | the genotype will be
yy | d. | All of the above |
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12.
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A(n) ____ is the form of a gene that is hidden when the dominant allele is
present.
a. | allele | b. | recessive allele | c. | genotype | d. | dominant allele |
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13.
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 In the above
cross, a round seed pea plant (RR) is crossed with a round seed pea plant (Rr). What are the possible
genotypes for seed shape in the cross? a. | RR, RR, Rr, Rr | c. | RR, RR, RR, Rr | b. | Rr, Rr, Rr, Rr | d. | RR, RR, RR, RR |
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14.
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Single-celled organisms, such as yeast, divide by budding. The daughter cells
are identical to the parent cells. This means that a yeast cell:
a. | reproduces sexually. | b. | reproduces asexually. | c. | must undergo
meiosis. | d. | produces haploid cells before reproduction. |
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15.
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During meiosis, a cell:
a. | produces 4 body cells. | b. | produces 2 sex cells. | c. | produces 2 body
cells. | d. | produces 4 sex cells. |
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16.
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Cell differentiation is:
a. | the process where cells mutate. | b. | referred to as asexual
mutation. | c. | the process of cell specialization. | d. | the process where cells
divide. |
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17.
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In genetic engineering scientists:
a. | are able to produce products such as super-sweet corn and cold-resistant
tomatoes. | b. | transfer genes from one organism to another. | c. | have found new
methods of producing organisms with desired traits. | d. | All of the
above |
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18.
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Bears reproduce sexually. This means that:
a. | offspring receive half of their genetic information from the male parent, and half
from the female | b. | a zygote is formed from the union of the sperm and egg cell | c. | bears cells must
undergo meiosis in order to produce haploid cells | d. | All of the
above |
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19.
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An alligator’s heart cells contain 32 chromosomes. How many chromosomes
does the female alligator’s stomach cells contain?
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20.
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The difference between diploids and haploids is:
a. | There is no difference in the number of chromosomes between diploid and
haploid. | b. | diploids have 4 times as many chromosomes as haploid. | c. | diploids have 2 time
as many chromosomes as haploids. | d. | diploids have 1/2 as many
chromosomes as haploids. |
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21.
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After cytokinesis, the daughter cells:
a. | are “smaller” than the parent cell. | b. | contain a full set
of genetic information from the parent cell. | c. | are identical to one
another. | d. | All of the above |
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22.
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During mitosis:
a. | the cytoplasm and its contents divide into 2 daughter cells. | b. | the union of the
sperm and egg cell occurs. | c. | cell division occurs that produces sex cells
with 1/2 the number of chromosomes. | d. | the nucleus of the
parent cell divides into 2 nuclei. |
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23.
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During protein synthesis, ____ is responsible for copying the gene and carrying
the information out of the nucleus.
a. | ribosomes | b. | DNA | c. | transfer
RNA | d. | messenger RNA |
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24.
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The cell cycle describes the process where cells:
a. | increase their numbers by dividing into cells with different sets of
chromosomes. | b. | increase their numbers by dividing into cells with identical sets of
chromosomes. | c. | maintain the same number of cells through the natural process of
life. | d. | are born and eventually die. |
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25.
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The 20 amino acids make up ____ in our cells.
a. | sugars | b. | proteins | c. | phosphates | d. | ribosomes |
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